Finished Production of Local Radio News Bulletin
Organisation of all the tracks in our final composition of our local radio news bulletin
In our final production we only have one main presenter, whereas in our draft we used multiple presenters. This makes it easier for the listener as they do not need to focus on an excessive amount of the different presenters and it is very simplistic to have one main presenter as radio is a blind medium, therefore we need to present the stories clearly. In addition, when conducting my secondary research one of the codes and conventions of a bulletin is to have one main presenter. However, we do have a continuity announcer who introduces the radio station and a brief summary of the headlines for the day. This is to give a brief overview of the stories to the listener, and if any of the stories interest them.
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Organisation of all the tracks in our final composition of our local radio news bulletin
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In our final production we only have one main presenter, whereas in our draft we used multiple presenters. This makes it easier for the listener as they do not need to focus on an excessive amount of the different presenters and it is very simplistic to have one main presenter as radio is a blind medium, therefore we need to present the stories clearly. In addition, when conducting my secondary research one of the codes and conventions of a bulletin is to have one main presenter. However, we do have a continuity announcer who introduces the radio station and a brief summary of the headlines for the day. This is to give a brief overview of the stories to the listener, and if any of the stories interest them.
Specialist Reporters
We have used a various specialist reporters in our bulletin to make our stories more reliable as we have a reporter who is a specialist in that field. This also means that the reporter will have credibility over the accuracy of the information that they present as their names were said. We have specialist reporters that specialise in different stories, for example, one news story has a foreign correspondent who reports on the mistaken identity of Mustafa al-Shamiri. A foreign correspondent is responsible for reporting news from another country and covers issues about the war, living conditions, politics and attitudes of the country.
We have used a various specialist reporters in our bulletin to make our stories more reliable as we have a reporter who is a specialist in that field. This also means that the reporter will have credibility over the accuracy of the information that they present as their names were said. We have specialist reporters that specialise in different stories, for example, one news story has a foreign correspondent who reports on the mistaken identity of Mustafa al-Shamiri. A foreign correspondent is responsible for reporting news from another country and covers issues about the war, living conditions, politics and attitudes of the country.
Structure
The headlines are organised so that the most important story with the most news values is first to be presented. The organisation of the tracks is also essential as the tracks are organised so that the title music is first. Overall, the tracks are organised in the running order of the bulletin.
The headlines are organised so that the most important story with the most news values is first to be presented. The organisation of the tracks is also essential as the tracks are organised so that the title music is first. Overall, the tracks are organised in the running order of the bulletin.
Evaluation
In the evaluation the following seven questions must be addressed:
1. In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?
2. How does your media product represent particular social groups?
3. What kind of media institution might distribute your media product and why?
4. Who would be the audience for your media product?
5. How did you attract/address your audience?
6. What have you learnt about technologies from the process of constructing this product?
7. Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression from it to the full product?
In the evaluation the following seven questions must be addressed:
1. In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?
2. How does your media product represent particular social groups?
3. What kind of media institution might distribute your media product and why?
4. Who would be the audience for your media product?
5. How did you attract/address your audience?
6. What have you learnt about technologies from the process of constructing this product?
7. Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression from it to the full product?
Introduction
I realised that before I could start the Preliminary Task I must first expand my skills in research as I have limited knowledge of how to structure a local news bulletin and the genre of it. However, as I am a young teen who does not listen to news radio broadcasts I realised that I had to find a local radio news broadcast to research the GENRE, and find codes and conventions, which will later help me in developing and making my own radio show.
Main task
Candidate must produce a five minute bulletin (local radio) and must include:Planning Document 1
JOBS TO DO
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RESPONSIBILITY
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DATE
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Title Music
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Jacob Mechan (5074)
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November 11th 2015
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Presenter Audition
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Hany Tahir (5119)
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January 27th2015
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Specialist Reporter
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Jacob Mechan (5074)
Hany Tahir (5119)
Anisah Khan (5057)
Niomie Wogan (5124)
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November 11th 2015-
January 13th 2015
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OBs
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Anisah Khan (5057)
Jacob Mechan (5074)
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November 18th 2015
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Recorded Interviews
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Anisah Khan (5057)
Hany Tahir (5119)
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December 16th
2015
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Vox Pop
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Hany Tahir (5119)
Jacob Mechan (5074)
Anisah Khan (5057)
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November 25th 2015
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Sound FX
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Niomie Wogan (5124)
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November 11th 2015-
January 13th 2016
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Structure
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Niomie Wogan (5124)
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January 20th2016
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This is the completed jobs to do, here we have all the roles that need to be done, and who is responsible for the roles.
All audio material must be original, produced by the candidate(s), with the exception of music or audio effects from a copyright-free source. Both preliminary and main tasks may be done individually or as a group. Maximum four members in a group.
Preliminary Exercise
- The introductory music/jingle for a show on the radio with a presenter introducing and greeting their guest
- Must have an archive sound clip relating to the guest
- Radio show must be approximately 30-40 seconds duration in total.
Production Roles
Jacob Mechan (5074)- PresenterNiamh Fitzgerald (5039)- Co editor
Niomie Wogan- Co editor
Script- First Draft
ROLE
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NAME
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SPEECH
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SFX
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Presenter
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Jacob
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What’s up guys, my name is Jacob and you’re listening to Delta FM.
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Jingle
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Presenter
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Jacob
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Today we have a special guest, Emily Green, who debuted her first album ‘Sandcastle Stories” Tell us a little bit about it.
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Archive
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Guest
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Eleanor
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Hey thank you for having me; it’s a pleasure to be here. I’ve been working on it for two years.
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Archive
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Presenter
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That was Emily Greenwood, and this has been Delta FM.
| Jingle |
Final Script
ROLE
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NAME
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SPEECH
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SFX
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Presenter
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Jacob
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What’s up guys, my name is Jacob and you’re listening to Delta FM.
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Jingle
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Presenter
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Jacob
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Today we have a special guest, Emily Green, who debuted her first album ‘Sandcastle Stories” Tell us a little bit about it.
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Guest
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Eleanor
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Hey thank you for having me; it’s a pleasure to be here. I’ve been working on it for two years. I hope my fans love it as much as I do.
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Archive
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Presenter
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Now it’s up to you guys at home. Tweet us your questions and Emily will answer them.
| Jingle |
After we wrote the script and recorded it, we soon realized that the whole news segment did not surpass 30 seconds, however the time requirement is that the radio show has to last between 30-40 seconds. Therefore, we had to edit the script so that it could fit the time requirement. First of all we added more lines to the guest in order to engage her fans because she is an artist. We then added more lines to the presenter in order to engage the listener, and get them involved with the guest by using the social platform of twitter. When editing I could not find a sound archive that seemed to fit in with the news radio. So the team decided that it is not necessary to have a sound archive when the presenter first introduces the guest.
GENRE RESEARCH
In order to research and find codes and conventions of a local news radio broadcast I went on a search engine (www.google.com). I visited BBC iplayer radio and went on their Local Radios. After finding a local radio broadcast I recorded the news segment on 'Audacity' and later analysed the news segment for codes and conventions.
The news broadcaster announces the identification of the radio show. The identification is BBC Tees, this makes the listener more aware of what they are listening to, as radio is a blind medium so the listener needs to reminded what they are listening to.
After I researched the codes and conventions of a local news radio broadcast I could not find any vox pops or specialist reporters like the OCR spec specified (refer to planning document 1)
CC1- Radio Identification
Before the news segment begins there is intro music, this symbolises that the news segment is next and makes the listener aware that the news is next because- once again- radio is a blind medium so the listener needs to be constantly notified of what they are listening to.
CC3- Presenter Name
During my research I realized that in a news segment multiple interviews are included, this is because an interview gives that story a more reliable source, or even a different opinion on that certain news story.
Local news is essential in the news segment as the news story could affect that local area, and it is the news job to inform the public if there may be disruption to their normal routine, or even if there was an incident that affected the local area of Nottingham. Local news is also a news value which is proximity meaning how close that news story is to the local area.
A MOOC is a course of study made available over the internet without charge to a very large number of people.
After I registered into Future Learn I enrolled into the course called Introduction to Journalism. Just after one week the course helped me understand in depth what makes a good news story, but also what are the news values. Finding out what the news values benefitted me because I could understand how news stations picked the stories that they wanted.
Soft news stories- covers human interest topics, arts, entertainment, health and education. These stories are less timely and have the aim to entertain as well as inform, but they are also longer and written as feature stories.
To make good news story it has to have:
What is going on?
After answering the 5ws the journalist then needs to delve further by providing additional layers of information and more details. If there are people involved then the journalist could include eyewitnesses and victims, giving their own personal accounts and opinions. If there is a crisis then an expert would be useful in describing how the certain event occurred.
Most of the time the general public is the main audience, however I plan on separating the main audience into a constituency- this means that more specific demographics are made.
As a young media student I plan to understand what is meant by the concept of an audience and to decode this concept with more than one analytical tool. Most people just think of the media as either being part of two categories, the general public (mass audience) or a more specialised audience (niche audience). A frequent problem is that most media students only identify one type of the demographic which is age, however there are multiple concepts of the demographic:
Stuart Hall developed the model of communication about 'Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse'. Hall offered a more theoretical approach of how media messages are produced, publicised and interpreted. His new model presented a new idea on how the public decodes media messages depending on the persons own personal experiences, cultural background and even their social and economic standing.
In order to do my primary research I need to first interview the target audience face to face and edit their responses collectively using the software 'audacity'.
Questions:
These questions are open questions not closed. A open question gives me a more opinionated answer that will benefit me when doing research on the target audience. The respondent will also feel more comfortable and in control of the conversation, allowing a more open and reliable response. If the respondent is more open and in control it allows the respondent to give a more trustworthy answer about their local area, therefore allowing me to understand the area more which will strengthen my research on the area.
If I was to use a closed question the answer will more likely be a 'yes' or 'no' response. This will not benefit me for the research on the target audience as it does not give me a worthy answer.
This is the completed answers from the local audience. Overall, we tried to get a variety of people from both genders, for the females we have a young teen, a woman in her mid 40s and an old lady. For the males, we have a young boy, an man in his mid 40s and a old man. We have this range of ages for both genders because we thought it would be fair, as we have a range of ages from those who are young, in their mid 40s and old age. This means we can have a more accurate representation of our local audience, and what the different ages think of the local area.
SECTION C
This theory suggests that the TV does posses a small influence on the viewers, and that it can influence their opinions and views on society and the people in the real world.
Week 1
After writing the first script and recording it, we decided that changes needed to be made. The first change made was the fact that the news segment needed a news jingle to indicate to the listener the start and the end of the news segment as radio is a blind medium, therefore listeners need cues to make it an easier listening experience. This is why the editor downloaded a sound archive of a news jingle. The second thing that we thought needed to be changed was that the presenter, when introducing the specialist reporter, took too much time and it was unnecessary to the story, because from doing my research and completing content analysis a news story usually lasts around 30-50 seconds long.
Planning document 4
This is week ones finished production. This certain news item has more than one news value. From what I have learnt from the MOOC Future Learn, the more news values a certain news item has the more it is prioritised.
For the 8 week plan that Kilburn FM had created this story is focused on proximity as her body was thrown over the Little Venice canal, which is located near Kilburn where my teams local news station is located, also because it is near to Kilburn it means that the local audience wants to find more about the story. However, this news item has bad news as a tragedy had occurred where an innocent women was killed and the story has negative overtones. The last and final news value is that this story is a follow up, as the story was previously reported on May 5th and again on July 31st, as there has been new information.
On the 5th November I visited the Odeon in Covent Garden in order to listen to a lecture given by Charles Gant about films. However, as a media student who studies radio I was sceptic of why I was attending a lecture about filming, but by the end of the lecture I learnt valuable information about film reviews that can be translated to radio.
1. The first thing he stated was that in order to gain the full potential from writing I need to first know my grammar. This is essential if I want to be a good writer, “if you do not have good grammar then editors will take one look at your script and will not read on if you do not know how to use commas.” This seems very obvious but it is key that I need to have good grammar in order for people to read on.
When recording with the first draft we thought that we need to edit the script by adding more detail into the sports summary. The first change we did was to add in that the football is the "English summary of the Champions League" as it is a local news radio bulletin meaning that we work in a local proximity, this means that this news piece is not relevant overseas. We also concluded that as Hany Tahir is a specialist reporter he can be doing an outside broadcast in a stadium as it fits the feel of this new piece. This is why we decided to add an SFX of sports fans cheering in the background.
Week 2 is about sports and the news values for this week is entertainment, as there are numerous people in Kilburn who are interested in sports, especially football and tennis. This is why instead of only focusing on one sport story, we had a collection of sports stories, that vary in sport, from tennis to football. This means that we can provide the sports highlights to a larger majority of Kilburn in one place and time.
For this week the plan was to have a story that had positive overtones and good news (refer to planning document 3), this also creates a more interesting and dynamic bulletin for the listener, as the stories need to be varied in both content and in the overtones. This week the researcher was Anisah Khan, and she managed to find a story that is both informative and has positive overtones. The story was located because she is a teenage girl that uses social platforms like Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat and even Instagram, these platforms provide her with stories about the current events going on as people can blog or repost the story to share it with their followers.
Planning Document 6
This is the finished production from week 3. This week the news value that was the main focus was good news, this is why we have decided to do the AIDs epidemic coming to an end. We thought that this story would be appropriate to include the opinions of the local public of Kilburn as this story has huge impact to a majority of people.
Planning Document 7
Locating the Story
When creating a local news bulletin, it is essential that we change the stories and not focus all on the bad news stories, or stories with negative tones. This is why the researcher, Hany Tahir, picked a story with positive overtones. His source was the BBC website and he found the news story about David Cameron commissioning 13,000 new homes. Not only is this positive, but it fits in with our 8 week plan as it is about an elite person, which is David Cameron. In addition, this story also affects people in the UK, therefore the listeners of Kilburn would want to hear about it as it is also the news story of proximity.
When editing the script, we thought that this would an appropriate week to include a recorded interview in our local radio news bulletin. When the draft of the script was written, we thought that it would be better, instead of an audio clip of Steve Frye and what he has to say on the situation, that it would be more engaging if we were able to contact a friend of Alan Rickman. This was the main change in the scripts.
Planning Document 9
Production Roles
After writing and recording the first script, we thought that it would be better if there was a quote from a person who has something to say in the matter, this makes this news story more accurate and reliable for the listener as we have put quotes in from the Police Federation chairman of England and Wales. This gives the impression that Kilburn FM will research and find information to make the story more reliable.
Planning Document 10
For the final script, we added a quote from a spokesperson because it makes the news story more reliable and to add validity to the news story. In addition, it makes the listener want to tune in more to our local radio news bulletin as adding a quote makes the listener feel that the radio show is reliable as we research the stories and find out as much as we can to give accurate information to the listener.
Planning Document 11
This is the final composition of our title music, compared to the first draft, this one is of a slower pace and the beats are repetitive and continuous. It is simple but effective as it is still of a quick tempo, and this signifies that the news articles are new information, but it is also local. The repetition of the beats signifies that the news is constantly going on as there is always new stories that need reporting.
My group decided to hold presenter auditions to find the right voice for our local radio news bulletin. Overall, we had five participants do the presenter auditions, we had a variety of voices from old to young, and candidates with different accents and gender. This is to ensure that we have a full range of different voices to choose from so that we can find the appropriate voice to represent our local radio news bulletin.
We analysed the different voices and found that some voices were not suited for our bulletin. Some of the candidates had a younger voice that was more suited for an informal bulletin where the target audience are younger, we did not pick the younger voices because our target audience is of a mature nature and the news stories that we picked do not interest a younger audience, therefore a younger voice to be presenter throughout would not be suitable.
In addition, some of the candidates did not have an audio genetic voice, as they either read the script too fast or they did not remain the same volume throughout. We did not pick these voices as radio is a blind medium, therefore the information provided should be clear and understandable for the listener as they may only listen to the news once and they need to hear clearly the story so that they are aware of the news for that day.
After analysing the different voices, we picked Jacob Mechan to be the main presenter as his voice was consistent- it did not differ in volume or tone too much. He also read the stories very clearly, this makes it easier for the listener to listen to the stories as he has a clear voice and presents the story at a steady pace.
Planning Document 2
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| This is the flowchart that I created on PowerPoint to showcase the flow of the final script, and how everything was going to be set up. As you can see everything is clearly organised and has the appropriate sound archives when the presenter and the guest are speaking, and the cues of when the sound archives begins and ends. |
Editing
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Importing Audio |
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Fade Out |
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The co-editors editing a track |
When editing I only used one site for all my sound archives which was freesound.org. However, when I have to do my main task I would like to use other sites like freemusicarchive.org or even soundcloud.com to find other sound archives and vary my choices to make my radio show more unique. Even better, would be if I was to use Garage Band to compose my own jingles and sounds.
Finished Preliminary Task
My team consisted of one presenter, one guest and two co-editors. After we planned the script and recorded the audio, the co-editors then put the audio onto audacity. As a group we decided that the archive sound should be clapping. We went on google search engine and went on the site freesound.org. Later, we downloaded the audio file into audacity. However, the audio file did not match the voices of the presenter and the guest. So, instead we imported a jingle as the intro and outro to the radio show, but we also imported a guitar strum archive, which matched the guest who is a singer promoting her new album.
Secondary Research Methods
1. Search Engine
To first understand the genre of a local radio news bulletin I need to first depict the codes and convention of the genre.
GENRE RESEARCH
In order to research and find codes and conventions of a local news radio broadcast I went on a search engine (www.google.com). I visited BBC iplayer radio and went on their Local Radios. After finding a local radio broadcast I recorded the news segment on 'Audacity' and later analysed the news segment for codes and conventions.
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| www.bbc.co.uk/radio/stations |
Understanding the Genre of Local Radio News
BBC Radio Tees
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Tees Location |
CC1-Intro Music
Before the news segment begins there is the intro music. This signifies the start of the news. In addition, it makes the news more exciting. Listeners to radio are usually doing something else: driving, cleaning, eating - because radio is a ‘blind’ medium it uses attention grabbing spikes to signal when something begins or is especially important.
CC2- Radio Identification
CC3- Presenter Name
The presenters name is read out because in the UK the media acts as the fourth estate which checks up on the other estates, which are: The Judiciary, the Executive and finally the Parliament. Therefore, it is the role of the journalist to give out correct information, because the listener at home might want to reference the source of the news, and that is why the presenters name is given out meaning that they are credible of that news if it is false information that they are giving out.
CC4- Time
The time is read out because there is news every hour, therefore this makes it easier for the listener to know when the time of the news and catch up on other news. In addition, there might be more relevant news later on in the day. News is time sensitive old news is no longer news therefore tying the news to particular times is a feature of their news worthiness. This is also an example of the news value timeliness as news that occurred two weeks ago is no longer relevant unless there is a new development to that news.
CC5- Interview
There is an interview segment, this provides a more reliable resource to the news. In addition, it also gives a different perspective. Having interviewees speaking for themselves gives the news immediacy so that the listener feels that they are right at the source of the events and that they can hear personnel who are directly involved in the news event. This also makes the news more trustworthy if an expert is being interviewed as it indicates to the listener that the journalist research the topic well and went the distance to find an expert.
CC6- Outro
During a news segment, there is an intro which signifies the beginning of the news, and there is also an outro which signifies the end of the news segment, and the transition into a new segment.
After I researched the codes and conventions of a local news radio broadcast I could not find any vox pops or specialist reporters like the OCR spec specified (refer to planning document 1)
BBC Nottingham
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| Nottingham Location |
CC1- Radio Identification
Like in local radio news Tees, Nottingham has also used a radio identification to make the listener aware of what they are listening to because radio is a blind medium, meaning that if there is no clear identification then the listener will not know what they are listening to.
CC2- Intro Music
Before the news segment begins there is intro music, this symbolises that the news segment is next and makes the listener aware that the news is next because- once again- radio is a blind medium so the listener needs to be constantly notified of what they are listening to.
CC3- Presenter Name
Again the presenters name is read out loud like in Radio Tees. This gives a name to the news, and also makes the news segment credible to the presenter.
CC4- Time
A time is read out because news is on every hour, and news from last week or even yesterday may not be relevant today unless there is a follow up. This is also a news value of timeliness. Also, because of the advancement in technology it means that the listener can listen to the news even if it is not live by going to the BBC iplayer website. Therefore, time is important in informing the listener if the news is relevant at that moment.
CC5- Hierarchy
In every radio show there is a structure, with the addition of my knowledge towards news values I also realize that certain news stories are prioritized because of the fact that it has more news values than certain other news stories.
CC6- Interview
During my research I realized that in a news segment multiple interviews are included, this is because an interview gives that story a more reliable source, or even a different opinion on that certain news story.
CC7- Local News
Local news is essential in the news segment as the news story could affect that local area, and it is the news job to inform the public if there may be disruption to their normal routine, or even if there was an incident that affected the local area of Nottingham. Local news is also a news value which is proximity meaning how close that news story is to the local area.
CC8- Weather
A weather is a code and convention because it is the news job to provide the listener with information that will benefit them. Also, the listener wants to know what the weather will be like on that day in case it affects their normal routines.
CC9- Outro Music
Like there is intro music to symbolize the start of the news segment and to notify the listener at home, there is also outro music to symbolize the end of the news segment and the transition into the next feature during a radio broadcast.
Why is there two different radio stations?
I have analysed two different radio stations in order to find the similarly of the stations, this allows me to find out if the codes and conventions I first picked out from Radio Tee translate to Radio Nottingham.
Content Analysis Using News Values
NEWS VALUES
News values are guidelines for journalists to decide what news stories they will cover. Here are some aspects of news values:
1. Timeliness- news is something that is new so stories two weeks ago are not relevant and is not news anymore. If there is a new development to a story that happened yesterday then it could become potentially news again because of the new development.
2. Proximity- the distant from the audience and the news story is important. If the news story is near local media then they will most likely cover that news story as it is relevant to the local audience.
3. Unusualness- if the news story is not common and if unusual then it will most likely be covered. For example if a person raised dogs in a kennel then it will not be covered because it is most unusual or out of the ordinary. However, if someone raised a giraffe in the local area then it will be covered because it is not expected.
4. Bad news- covers negative overtones, which often includes conflict or tragedy like an explosion leading in a huge loss of life, however if no lives where affected then it would not be covered.
5. Impact- concerns the number of people affected. For example if there is an epidemic that affects several hundred people then it will be covered, however if it is only two or three people affected then it is not news worthy. In addition, strikes of public transportation will be newsworthy as it affects residents in that local area.
6. Celebrities/ elite people- famous people or powerful nations will be on the news because people want to know about it. Also, some international news will be on the news more often than other countries. Countries like America will appear more on the news than countries like Ghana because America is a more elite nation.
7. Entertainment- stories with human interest, like stories that talk about people doing regular things but somehow it becomes interesting or noteworthy. This also includes stories about animals, sports or stories that include humor or in general feel good stories that are fun to read.
8. Good news- stories about rescues or cures. Obviously feel good stories that the media love to report on.
9. Follow-ups- if there is a new development on news that has the news already covered then it will likely be reported on again. This is because journalists are already familiar with the news story and so are the audiences so it easier for the journalist to bring it back to the audiences mind. It is also because it caught their attention beforehand and was newsworthy. That is how very often we get media frenzies where the media keep covering the same news story but they keep churning information out.
10. Media agenda- there are some stories that fit into the news organisations’ own media agenda. For example, if newspapers or TV stations have a certain outlook on political issues so they will pick up news that fits with their outlook.
If a news story covers a lot of the news values compared to another news story that only covers a limited amount of news values then the story with more news value in it will be covered.
There are critics about the news values, for example scholars argue that news values have driven the media to provide episodic coverage of events instead of a more in-depth and consistent coverage of a news story. Journalists are more likely to cover news that is new and exciting. However, on the flip side stories that are not new may still be around because it may be just as important as new and episodic things that are happening around us.
Another critic is that the news values drive the media into oversimplifying events, and that they also focus more on bad news as it is a news value, but it is more important than the good news. This results in people complaining about how there is too much bad news in the media.
Local Radio News Nottingham
| Analysis
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HEADLINES/ TIMING
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NEWS CONTENT
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NEWS VALUES
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Robin Hood marathon having delayed ambulances (0.46 secs)
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Ambulances delayed reaching QMC. Routes were agreed with city council. One patient pushed to entrance in wheelchair when stewards held up her non-emergency ambulance.
Interview with Chris Somener who was the race director and was previously in charged of the race. Traditionally the race went along QMC, but in the previous years the race was taken away from QMC roundabout, it was not about hospital assess but instead more focused to produce better routes.
TRAFFIC ROUTES - ENVIRONMENTAL |
One of the news values that this specific story has is proximity(2). This means that this story about the delayed ambulances could impact(5) the local community.
The other news value that this story has is that it is bad news(4). Someone in the wheelchair was hurt, but also delayed ambulances could result in multiple casualties. In addition, the delayed ambulances could impact the whole community. This is another news value.
As this story contains more that one news value it is prioritised, and that is why this story is the first article to be read out.
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NATO special forces
reached Northern
Afghan city (0.27 secs)
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Government troops are struggling to recapture areas seized by Taliban, unconfirmed report that British troops are involved. US carried out air strikes to block Taliban’s advance towards airport.
FOREIGN |
This specific story covers British troops. This is an example of bad news(4) as it has negative overtones, as the British troops are being involved with the situation, which means that there could be a loss of lives. In addition, it could impact(5) the local area if someone from the Nottingham local area is involved with the troops.
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Russian parliament gives Puitin right to deploy military in Syria (0.10 secs)
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Move only related to airstrikes
FOREIGN |
Although this segment is short, it has two news values. The first one is that if Puitin does try to attack countries with the military in Syria, then this could negativelyimpact(5) the country as a whole.
The other news value is that Russia is an elite nation(6), and people want to know more about Syria and the situation of the country, as it could affect UK negatively.
|
Four people in custody with connection of an assault (0.48 secs)
|
Assault on 27-year-old Aiden Coleman- a jockey. Suffered minor injures after being attacked in the weighing room after the last race. Two men and one woman arrested on scene, other woman arrested for abstracting police.
CRIME |
Although Aiden Coleman is not famous nationwide, he is known in Nottingham as he is a jockey (6). Therefore, as he was assaulted it had to be featured in the news because he is a ‘celebrity’ and people want to know more about what happened.
|
Greater awareness that women who have given birth after IVF can be prone to depression (0.45 secs)
|
Leading Nottinghamshire fatality expert wants awareness for women who have given birth after IVF prone to depression. Doctor Simon Ficual from Care Fatality near Striley, infertility is a scar that never goes away and can put strain and emotional pressure on a couple.
HEALTH |
This story contains the news value of proximity(2) as Nottinghamshire is near to Nottingham. Also, this storyimpacts(5) people who have given birth after IVF, therefore this story provides them with relevant information about the situation.
|
Nottingham’s fair being urged to check safety of things you buy or win (0.43 secs)
|
Last year trading standards officer seized 500 items that were unsafe. Interview with Colin Powley who runs some stalls, buys his things from replicable dealers.
SOCIAL |
Nottingham’s fair is a big event that the local people of Nottingham go to, so this news value is proximity(2). Another news value is that the safety of items can impact(5) the majority of people who go to the fair; therefore it is reported, as the local people of Nottingham would want to know.
|
BBC will stop broadcasting live TV coverage of open golf championship (0.20 secs)
|
From next year BBC will show extended highlights, allowing SKY to take up contract of the live rights. BBC said it’s for financial reasons.
SPORTS & MEDIA |
This story could be unusualness(3) as the BBC always broadcasts the live TV coverage of the open gold championship, and for SKY to replace them is unusual. The local residents of Nottingham might also want to watch the live golf openings regularly, therefore this is an interesting story for them as they are impacted(5) by the change of stations.
|
Secondary Research Method
2. Accessing MOOCs
A MOOC is a course of study made available over the internet without charge to a very large number of people.
After I registered into Future Learn I enrolled into the course called Introduction to Journalism. Just after one week the course helped me understand in depth what makes a good news story, but also what are the news values. Finding out what the news values benefitted me because I could understand how news stations picked the stories that they wanted.
 |
| This is the site Future Learn where I learnt important and informational information that helped me in understanding about the genre of local news radio. |
DEFINING NEWS
Hard news stories- covers politics, economics, crimes, conflict and accidents. These stories are factual and have the aim to inform. Breaking or live news are typically hard news as they are more up to date.
WHAT MAKES A GOOD NEWS STORY?
 |
| What makes a good news story? |
- Facts
- Faces
- Voices
- Informative so that the people can obtain useful information
- Unbiased and objective means more credible news
- Has to have enough angles for the story to be covered
- Human element where real people tell their stories
For some reporters they say that the best stories contain more varied information from other sources. In addition, qualities in what makes a good reporter are the three c’s.
1. Credibility
2. Courage
3. Consistency
4. Sustainability
WHERE DO I FIND THESE STORIES?
There are two main ways that a journalist could find a story, the first way is that the journalist is given the story typically through audience feedback, and even a local audience calling in about a complaint. It is then up to the journalist if they want to pursue that story or not. The local audience could even use social media as an outlet to contact the news station, as media outlets today have specific forms that the local audience could fill in. Journalists could also monitor their social media accounts to see what the local audience is engaging in, or having issues with.
The second way that the journalist could get the story is if the journalist themselves go out and get the news story. An important process of this is for the journalist to have a contact book that contains all of the sources that the journalist has used in the past. This book contains the contacts name, position, organisation that they work at and their emails and phone numbers. A good contact would be the local police department so that the journalist can call them weekly in case there is anything interesting to write about. The journalist is constantly thinking of what the next news story is by asking friends, family or even strangers- they have to be observant about what is going on around them.
Places where they can find stories:
-Police/ fire/ rescue departments as they may have been events that affected a lot of people
-Local city councils or a public wok department for stories about the local community
-Universities because the journalist can talk to the professors about what they are researching. A university is also very dynamic.
-For feel good stories the civic sector is a good place to find stories about volunteers doing a special project.
- For more business orientated stories a business or trade organisation is the best place to find these stories.
-A politician is also useful is the journalist wants an opinion of a politician of a current issue.
-A press officer is also useful as they have to establish relations with journalists, and they are willing to help out with a potential story.
-The general public is also useful, as the journalist can find lots of stories or complaints from the local community.
5WS OF JOURNALISM
 |
| 5Ws of journalism will help a journalist find a better and more detailed news story for the listener |
Who is doing that/affecting?
When is that happening?
Where is it happening?
Why is it happening?
After answering the 5ws the journalist then needs to delve further by providing additional layers of information and more details. If there are people involved then the journalist could include eyewitnesses and victims, giving their own personal accounts and opinions. If there is a crisis then an expert would be useful in describing how the certain event occurred.
Understanding AUDIENCES
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| In order to expand my understanding about the different demographics, I need to first do some research. |
Most of the time the general public is the main audience, however I plan on separating the main audience into a constituency- this means that more specific demographics are made.
As a young media student I plan to understand what is meant by the concept of an audience and to decode this concept with more than one analytical tool. Most people just think of the media as either being part of two categories, the general public (mass audience) or a more specialised audience (niche audience). A frequent problem is that most media students only identify one type of the demographic which is age, however there are multiple concepts of the demographic:
- age
- gender
- sexual orientation
- ethnicity
- social class
- location/ region
- disabilities
- culture
To help me understand more about audiences I need to deepen my knowledge on audiences. One person who will help me decode audiences is Stuart Hall. Stuart Hall was a sociologist and a cultural theorist.
Encoding/ Decoding
 |
| Stuart Hall's 'Encoding and Decoding Model' |
Stuart Hall developed the model of communication about 'Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse'. Hall offered a more theoretical approach of how media messages are produced, publicised and interpreted. His new model presented a new idea on how the public decodes media messages depending on the persons own personal experiences, cultural background and even their social and economic standing.
Dominant Reading
Dominant or preferred reading is the most common and widely accepted view of the media message. This means that there is little misunderstandings between the sender (media station) and receiver (public audience) therefore, this allows the message to read understood clearly. The viewer agrees completely with the sender message without questioning it.
Negotiated Reading
Negotiated reading is when the viewer decodes the media message using their own views on the society and the dominant culture. The message is understood but is inferred differently compared to the dominant reading. This is because the viewer decodes the message in a more personal way, this results in the message decoding to be biased. In addition, as the viewer is decoding the message in a more personal way it could result with the viewer agreeing or disagreeing with the viewpoint of the message.
Oppositional Reading
An oppositional reading is when the viewer decodes the media message, however they decode the message due to their own social beliefs. This can result with the viewer disagreeing with the message that the sender is portraying, or even seeing another unintended meaning of the message. Although the viewer can successfully decode the message, due to their own beliefs and social standing they reject the message.
Using Stuart Hall's Model
To fully understand Stuart Hall's model I realised that I need to use the model. I have decided to use Radio Nottingham to analyse a certain news story using all the different readings of preferred, negotiated and oppositional .
NATO special forces reached Northern Afghan city. The British troops are helping Northern Afghan as the government is struggling to recapture areas that were seized by the Taliban. US has also helped the situation by carrying out air strikes to block Taliban's advances.
Preferred Reading- it is good that Britain is helping Northern Afghan as the government is failing to cope with the Taliban threat. By joining both the British and Afghan troops they can temporary end the problem of the Taliban's in the country.
Negotiated Reading- it is good that the British troops are helping combat the problem of the Taliban's in Northern Afghan as the government is suffering from the Taliban threat. However, the British troops that are getting involved with foreign affairs could possibly be injured or even killed, which results in devastation from their families and even the country if a large group of British troops get killed. Why does Britain need to get involved?
Oppositional Reading- Why is Britain getting involved with foreign affairs? By the British troops getting involved could risk the lives of the British troops. The US has already helped with carrying out air strikes to help with the Taliban threat. This is going to have a negative affect on Britain if huge masses of British lives are lost. North Afghan did not personally ask for Britain's help so it is unnecessary to get involved with other affairs.
Secondary Research Method
3. Using Rajar
 |
Rajar statistics of BBC Radio Nottingham and Tees, and my analysis of both radio stations. However, a flaw in Rajar is that the results are from June 2015, therefore it is not recent, this means that the Listening Figures is not accurate for the month of October. |
Primary Research Methods
1. Interviewing the general public in local areas (Kilburn)
In order to do my primary research I need to first interview the target audience face to face and edit their responses collectively using the software 'audacity'.
Questions:
- What brings you here today?
- How would you describe this part of London?
- What are its main attractions?
- How might it be improved?
- How do you find out what's happening locally?
 |
| Open questions are more beneficial for me when asking my target audience about their area instead of closed questions |
If I was to use a closed question the answer will more likely be a 'yes' or 'no' response. This will not benefit me for the research on the target audience as it does not give me a worthy answer.
Completed Interviews of Our Local Audience
This is the completed answers from the local audience. Overall, we tried to get a variety of people from both genders, for the females we have a young teen, a woman in her mid 40s and an old lady. For the males, we have a young boy, an man in his mid 40s and a old man. We have this range of ages for both genders because we thought it would be fair, as we have a range of ages from those who are young, in their mid 40s and old age. This means we can have a more accurate representation of our local audience, and what the different ages think of the local area.
Secondary Research Method
4. Books written by media specialists
What does 'local' mean?
To further strengthen my research on a local radio news station I have decided to read and record useful information using a book as a secondary research method. The book I have analysed is 'What do we mean by local?' edited by John Mair, Neil Fowler and Ian Reeves.
SECTION C
24. What is local in commercial radio?
Commercial radio launched in 1973. The difference between local radio and BBC national services was that local radio had local content. The first wave of radio stations like Capital, Metro and Trent etc. had “redoubtable local intent”, and had an “incredible listening figure”, but due to the style scrutiny of the Independent Broadcasting Authority the radio stations struggled financially due to the redundant costs. From the 1973 to 1900 local was easier to understand.
“Commercial radio is becoming less local hero and more aspiring national media brand”, this is because for the radio station to survive the revenue impact they need to aim higher and not just target their local area, as the demographic numbers will not be enough to go against the increasing growth of the internet and social media. This is one of the reasons why ‘local’ is a confusing term as ‘local’ radio stations no longer aim to please just their local demographic but instead try to branch out in order to gain more listeners as they try to stay at the same pace as the internet.
The component of a local commercial radio is that there is a list of functional local information that represents the “sine qua non”. This list includes stories about sports, weather, travel and local news about what is going on in that specific area. However, listeners switch to allegiances like Scott Mills on Radio 1, as the listeners are not interested in listening to the functional service on the station. This is why local radio stations have to “differentiate its music offering” in order to have the dominant share of listeners. Another way in which a local radio station can gain the dominant share of listeners is through grabbing the mantle of ‘local hero’. This can be done by giving a local voice to the stories and by covering more stories about the local community and campaigns. Heritage is also an important factor in the demographic views, if a radio station has been round for a whole generation then a group of people will stay loyal to that radio station, even if that radio station changes the music taste.
At the low end of local it means covering traffic, travel, weather and news- things that the listeners expect. However, the high end of local means that there is a “tribal feeling” that creates content from the dynamic- this is what the listeners do not expect. The local news cannot just be about the news, weather, traffic and travel, the news station also need to have emotion as it is “more important than the function”. However, there needs to an equal amount of both: the radio station needs emotion and a local tribe in order for it to be local, but it also needs to serve its function.
Hypodermic Needle Theory
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| The Hypodermic Needle Theory shows how easy it is for the media to influence passive audiences. |
The hypodermic needle theory or the 'magic bullet' is a model of communications that suggests that the audience is passive to the information they are given by the media. In other words the audiences are being 'brainwashed' in believing whatever the media is saying. This is why it is called the hypodermic needle theory as the audiences are being injected the message straight into their minds- if the audience is not being active with the information they are being given then they are passive.
The theory was first developed in the 1920s and 1930s because of events like World War 1 which led to the deaths of millions, and it also corrupted peoples minds with ideas because of the propaganda used. The war is a good example of the hypodermic needle theory as propaganda was a main tool used in order to 'brainwash' people into believing certain things about people. The theory clearly shows how the media has a massive influence on people and their beliefs.
Cultivation Theory
The Cultivation theory is a social theory that is more based on the long term effects of the television, rather than media as a whole. The theory "states that the more time people spend 'living' in the television world, the more likely they are to believe social reality portrayed on television".
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| Cultivation Theory shows how easy the viewer is influenced by the events that occur on the television, and how easy it is for them to translate the beliefs to the real world. |
The theory was first researched in the mid 1960s as people were concerned with the amount of TV that people watched, and Gerbner and Gross wanted to find out if the amount spend in front of a TV affected everyday life and activities. They found out that heavy viewers of TV believed that the world they saw on TV was an accurate depiction of the real world. Theorists are best known for studying television violence and how it can affect viewers. If a viewers sees violence daily on the TV then they start to believe that the world is a violent place.
This theory suggests that the TV does posses a small influence on the viewers, and that it can influence their opinions and views on society and the people in the real world.
8 Week Plan
Planning document 3
WEEK
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NEWS VALUE(S) & NEWS CONTENT
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ROLES
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November 11th 2015
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Proximity
Bad news Follow up CRIME |
Editor – Anisah Khan
Researcher – Hany Tahir
Specialist reporter – Niomie Wogan
Presenter – Jacob Mechan
|
November 18th 2015
|
Entertainment
SPORTS |
Editor – Niomie Wogan
Researcher – Jacob Mechan
Specialist – Hany Tahir
Presenter – Anisah Khan
|
November 25th 2015
|
Good news
HEALTH |
Editor – Hany Tahir
Researcher – Anisah Khan
Specialist – Niomie Wogan
Presenter – Jacob Mechan |
December 2nd 2015
|
Follow-ups
FOREIGN |
Editor – Jacob Mechan
Researcher – Niomie Wogan
Specialist – Anisah Khan
Presenter – Hany Tahir
|
December 9th 2015
|
Celebrities/ elite nations
SOCIAL |
Editor – Anisah Khan
Researcher – Hany Tahir
Specialist – Jacob Mechan
Presenter – Niomie Wogan
|
December 16th 2015
|
Bad news
TRAGEDY |
Editor – Niomie Wogan
Researcher – Hany Tahir
Specialist – Anisah Khan
Presenter – Jacob Mechan
|
January 6th 2016
|
Impact
CRIME |
Editor – Hany Tahir
Researcher – Anisah Khan
Specialist – Jacob Mechan
Presenter – Niomie Wogan
|
January 13th 2016
|
Unusualness
FOREIGN |
Editor – Jacob Mechan
Researcher – Niomie Wogan
Specialist – Anisah Khan
Presenter – Hany Tahir
|
This is the eight week plan, this documents the dates on which we should record the news items, but also has the different roles for the group members. Finally, this planning document also has the news values that we are focused on when finding the story. The news value in black is what we need to find in a certain news story, and the text in italics is the news values that we didn't expect to find, but it instead came with the story, as some news items usually have more than one news value. The words in blue are the news content. The news content is the umbrella that has the specific news value, it is the theme for the story.
Locating the story
In order to create the news segment, I first needed to find a story that was appropriate for the news station that my team had created, which is based in the Kilburn area. From doing secondary research methods like assessing MOOCs, I learnt from the online website Future Learn that I enrolled in where to find stories. There are two main ways to find a story, the first way is through using platforms like social media, where the news has been reported. We used this method in order to find the news story, the website www.kilburntimes.co.uk was used to locate a story. The second method is asking the local audience themselves for any events that have occurred around in the area.
Production Roles
Anisah Khan (5057)- Editor
Jacob Mechan (5074)- Presenter
Hany Tahir (5119)- Researcher
Script- First Draft
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
|
38 year old, Tomasz Kocik, fellow roommate of 23 year old Marta Ligman dragged her body in a suitcase towards the Grand Union Canal where he allegedly dumped it there. Ms. Ligman's body was then discovered 10 days later near Little Venice.
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20 seconds
| |
Presenter
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Now we head over to our specialist reporter who is reporting from the court where Tomasz Kocik is currently being held until further notice.
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Fade in to outside broadcast
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10 seconds
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Specialist Reporter
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Timothy Cray relayed this incident as "the acts of a man intent on covering up a dreadful crime". Evidence to determine Kocik's innocence has been proven to be a lie and is guilty of murder however, he has not pleaded guilty.
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Fade out to news stations
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16 seconds
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Presenter
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The case is on going. More information to come.
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4 seconds
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Final Script
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
|
I am your presenter for the day Jacob Mechan. 38 year old, Tomasz Kocik, fellow roommate of 23 year old Marta Ligman dragged her body in a suitcase towards the Grand Union Canal where he allegedly dumped it there. Ms. Ligman's body was then discovered 10 days later near Little Venice.
|
Intro breaking news SFX
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20 seconds
|
Presenter
|
Now we head over to our crime specialist reporter Niomie Wogan
|
Fade in to outside broadcast
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5 seconds
|
Specialist Reporter
|
Timothy Cray relayed this incident as "the acts of a man intent on covering up a dreadful crime". Evidence to determine Kocik's innocence has been proven to be a lie and is guilty of murder however, he has not pleaded guilty.
|
Fade out to news stations
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16 seconds
|
Presenter
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The case is on going. More information to come.
|
Outro breaking news
SFX
|
4 seconds
|
 |
| This is a flowchart representing the script and how the audio is going to be organised when editing, with the corresponding background noise |
Editing (credit to Anisah Khan 5057)
 |
| The use of www.freesound.org for the purpose of finding certain SFX |
 |
| The organisation of the tracks in audacity to enable a more efficient editing |
Finished Production
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| Proof that the story is a follow up as new information has surfaced |
This is week ones finished production. This certain news item has more than one news value. From what I have learnt from the MOOC Future Learn, the more news values a certain news item has the more it is prioritised.
For the 8 week plan that Kilburn FM had created this story is focused on proximity as her body was thrown over the Little Venice canal, which is located near Kilburn where my teams local news station is located, also because it is near to Kilburn it means that the local audience wants to find more about the story. However, this news item has bad news as a tragedy had occurred where an innocent women was killed and the story has negative overtones. The last and final news value is that this story is a follow up, as the story was previously reported on May 5th and again on July 31st, as there has been new information.
Secondary Research Method
5. Journalism Workshop
 |
| Attending the Into Film lecture given by Charles Gant |
On the 5th November I visited the Odeon in Covent Garden in order to listen to a lecture given by Charles Gant about films. However, as a media student who studies radio I was sceptic of why I was attending a lecture about filming, but by the end of the lecture I learnt valuable information about film reviews that can be translated to radio.
When Gant was asked about how to improve writing skills he stated only a few points, but these points can have a huge impact on my writing skills.
1. The first thing he stated was that in order to gain the full potential from writing I need to first know my grammar. This is essential if I want to be a good writer, “if you do not have good grammar then editors will take one look at your script and will not read on if you do not know how to use commas.” This seems very obvious but it is key that I need to have good grammar in order for people to read on.
2. His second point is that having an editor is very important if I want my writing to improve. By having an editor then my writing can gradually become better because there is someone who is constantly keeping an eye out for any mistakes that I have made. In addition, an editor can give their feedback honestly, and state what I need to change and work in in order to increase my writing skills.
3. Finally, to improve my writing abilities I need to take constructive feedback. By having feedback then I am more likely to find out what I need to improve on, and also get an insight into what my audience thinks about it, and what they would like me to write about next.
This journalism workshop helped me to understand better both radio and unintentionally film reviews. Although the workshop was on going 'Into Films' I still found the workshop helpful for understanding radio, and even to understand how to improve my writing abilities, not only for radio writing, but for everyday life.
Mid-vlog Review
Camtasia
In this short vlog I am explaining the reason behind why I have used different secondary research methods and primary research methods. I have used these different research methods in order to expand my understanding and knowledge on the genre of local radio news, and the audience that will be listening to the local radio news. It is essential that I complete these research methods in order to improve my knowledge on how to create a five minute bulletin as it is the main task.
Week 2
Locating the story
For this story, we had to look for new stories that provided entertainment for the listener. Entertainment for the listener might be news of people doing regular things, but it becomes noteworthy. These stories can be on animals, sports and more likely include humor. However, our researcher for the week Jacob Mechan, could not find any relevant news stories that were humorous to the the listener. Therefore, the researcher found several stories on sports and we did a sports summary. He found the news stories on social medias like Twitter, that has fans tweeting about their favorite athletes wins or defeats. However, he couldn't trust this piece of information alone so he went on the internet and went on The Guardian, to back up pieces of information and making the news segment more reliable, as it is the news job to provide correct pieces of information to the consumer.
Production Roles
Hany Tahir (5119)- Specialist Reporter
Anisah Khan (5057)- Presenter
Script- First Draft
ROLE
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SCRIPT
|
SFX
|
TIME
|
Presenter
|
Your weekly sports summary is presented by our sports specialist Hany Tahir
|
Jingle
|
5 seconds
|
Specialist Reporter
|
Arsenal revive their qualifying hopes with a 3-0 win over Dinamo Zagred led by Alexis Sanchez and Mesut Ozil while Chelsea’s confidence grows as they beat Qatar side Maccabi Tel Aviv 4-0
Meanwhile, Manchester City face Juventus in a scarp for first place while Manchester United battle PSV Einhoven for a spot for first in 3-way scrap for first place with Wolfsburg and PSV Eindhoven.
Kovak Djokovic has won his fourth successive title after winning the ATP World Finals over Roger Federer.
|
Fade in to sports centre
Fade out to news station
|
40 seconds
|
Presenter
|
That’s all for sports, more to come next week
|
3 seconds
|
Final Script
ROLE
|
SCRIPT
|
SFX
|
TIME
|
Presenter
|
Your weekly sports summary is presented by our sports specialist Hany Tahir who is in our local sports centre
|
Intro Breaking News SFX
|
5 seconds
|
Specialist Reporter
|
For your English summary of the Champions League. Arsenal revive their qualifying hopes with a 3-0 win over Dinamo Zagreb led by Alexis Sanchez and Mesut Ozil while Chelsea’s confidence grows as they beat Qatar side Maccabi Tel Aviv 4-0.
Meanwhile, Manchester City face Juventus in a scrap for first place while Manchester United battle PSV Einhoven for a spot for first in 3-way scrap for first place with Wolfsburg and PSV Eindhoven. Moving onto tennis, Kovak Djokovic has won his fourth successive title after winning the ATP World Finals over Roger Federer. |
Fade in to sports centre
Background noise of sports fans cheering, and people passing by
Fade out to news station
|
30 seconds
|
Presenter
|
That’s all for sports, more to come next week
|
Outro Breaking News SFX
|
3 seconds
|
When recording with the first draft we thought that we need to edit the script by adding more detail into the sports summary. The first change we did was to add in that the football is the "English summary of the Champions League" as it is a local news radio bulletin meaning that we work in a local proximity, this means that this news piece is not relevant overseas. We also concluded that as Hany Tahir is a specialist reporter he can be doing an outside broadcast in a stadium as it fits the feel of this new piece. This is why we decided to add an SFX of sports fans cheering in the background.
Planning document 5
 |
| This is the flowchart used when editing week 2 which is about sports, this means that the sound effects need to be related to sports. |
Editing
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| Using the free website www.freeSFX.co.uk to locate SFX |
 |
| Importing the sound effects from www.freeSFX.co.uk into the editing software 'Audacity' |
 |
| Using the 'Effect' 'Noise Reduction' in order to remove static background noise |
Finished Production
Week 2 is about sports and the news values for this week is entertainment, as there are numerous people in Kilburn who are interested in sports, especially football and tennis. This is why instead of only focusing on one sport story, we had a collection of sports stories, that vary in sport, from tennis to football. This means that we can provide the sports highlights to a larger majority of Kilburn in one place and time.
Week 3
Locating the Story
For this week the plan was to have a story that had positive overtones and good news (refer to planning document 3), this also creates a more interesting and dynamic bulletin for the listener, as the stories need to be varied in both content and in the overtones. This week the researcher was Anisah Khan, and she managed to find a story that is both informative and has positive overtones. The story was located because she is a teenage girl that uses social platforms like Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat and even Instagram, these platforms provide her with stories about the current events going on as people can blog or repost the story to share it with their followers.
Production Roles
Jacob Mechan (5074)- Specialist Reporter
Niomie Wogan- Presenter
Script- First Draft
ROLE
|
SCRIPT
|
SFX
|
TIME
|
Presenter
|
Moving on to more positive news for the future, an end to the aids epidemic could finally be in sight. Our specialist reporter, Jacob Mechan, has more to follow.
|
Intro Breaking News SFX
|
8 seconds
|
Specialist
|
In 2000, just 700,000 people worldwide were on antiretroviral treatments. In 2015, we are currently at 15 million. However an estimate of 8 million related deaths have been avoided in the last 15 years, says UNAIDS.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon has said “World leaders have unanimously committed to ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals adopted in September”
This has been Jacob Mechan, back to you, Niomie.
|
Mid-jingle
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20 seconds
|
Presenter
|
Thanks Jacob, we’ll be right back after this short break.
|
Outro Breaking News SFX
|
4 seconds
|
Final Script
ROLE
|
SCRIPT
|
SFX
|
TIME
|
Presenter
|
Moving on to more positive news for the future, an end to the aids epidemic could finally be in sight. Our specialist reporter, Jacob Mechan, has more to follow.
|
Intro Breaking News SFX
|
8 seconds
|
Specialist
|
In 2000, just 700,000 people worldwide were on antiretroviral treatments. In 2015, we are currently at 15 million. However an estimate of 8 million related deaths have been avoided in the last 15 years, says UNAIDS.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon has said “World leaders have unanimously committed to ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals adopted in September”
We asked the public about their thoughts.
|
35 seconds
| |
Public
|
12 seconds
| ||
Specialist
|
This has been Jacob Mechan, back to you, Niomie.
|
4 seconds
| |
Presenter
|
Thanks Jacob, we’ll be right back after this short break.
|
Outro Breaking News SFX
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4 seconds
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The only major thing that we felt needed to be changed about this script was the fact that throughout our local news bulletin we did not include as many voices from the local people of Kilburn. We thought that this certain story was the right one to include the voice of the people, as it is a local radio news bulletin, and the target audience is the local people of Kilburn, this means that the listeners can relate to the voices heard and can relate to them.
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| This is the flowchart designed for week 3 which is focused on the AIDs epidemic ending, this story includes the public opinions of the audience on the epidemic ending. |
Editing (credit to Hany Tahir 5119)
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| Using the 'Multi-Tool Mode' to manipulate the volume of the answers from the public |
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| Using 'Clip Boundaries' to split up one track into two separate tracks |
Finished Production
Week 4
Locating the Story
For this week I was in charge of researching an appropriate news story that fit with the 8 week plan. This week the main news value that we focused on was a follow up, this meant that new information of that topic had surfaced. For this story I visited The Guardian's website to locate a story, and the news story I found was an extradition from Guantanamo Bay, I picked a recent article and wrote a script with detail for the listener.
Production Roles
Jacob Mechan (5074)- Editor
Niomie Wogan- Researcher
Anisah Khan (5057)- Specialist Reporter
Hany Tahir (5119)- Presenter
Script- First Draft
Role
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Script
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SFX
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Time
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Presenter
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Now for more serious news story with the specialist reporter Anisah Khan.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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5 seconds
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Specialist Reporter
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I am here reporting currently from Guantanamo Bay where Mustafa al-Shamiri has spent 13 years with officials now realizing his identity has been mistaken.
In reality, al-Shamiri was an Islamist foot soldier and not an al-Qaeda courier.
Since 2002, he has been held as an enemy without charge.
He is one of 107 at the base, 48 of whom have not been cleared for release. It is not certain whether he will become number 49.
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Fade in OB
Fade out to news station
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28 seconds
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Presenter
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That is all the current information about that issue. We will report later when new information surfaces.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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8 seconds
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Final Script
Role
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Script
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SFX
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Time
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Presenter
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Now onto the next story with our specialist reporter for this segment, Anisah Khan.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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5 seconds
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Specialist Reporter
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Mustafa al-Shamiri has spent 13 years at Guantanamo Bay with officials now realizing his identity has been mistaken.
In reality, al-Shamiri was an Islamist foot soldier and not an al-Qaeda courier.
Since 2002, he has been held as an enemy without charge.
He is one of 107 at the base, 48 of whom have not been cleared for release.
It is not certain whether he will become number 49.
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Fade in OB
Fade out to news station
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28 seconds
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Presenter
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And that’s all we have, further information to follow soon.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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5 seconds
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We felt that saying "Now for more serious news" was a negative approach to reporting this news story, and as a radio company we felt that the listeners would not want to hear constant bad news or negative overtones throughout the whole bulletin. This is the reason why we removed and changed the script.
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| In this week, the flowchart looks different from the other weeks, this is because since it is an outside broadcast sound effects were not necessary. |
Editing (credit to Jacob Mechan 5074)
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| Using the 'fit project' tool to see how long a piece is |
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| The 'undo' button is essential for the editor as it makes it easier to fix a mistake |
Finished Production
This week news story has the news value of a follow up. A follow up is when the story was previously reported, however new information has surfaced and as it is the news' job to inform the public of information and as the public has showed interest in this specific news story, it is essential for the new information to be reported in order for the public to be completely informed.
Week 5
Locating the Story
When creating a local news bulletin, it is essential that we change the stories and not focus all on the bad news stories, or stories with negative tones. This is why the researcher, Hany Tahir, picked a story with positive overtones. His source was the BBC website and he found the news story about David Cameron commissioning 13,000 new homes. Not only is this positive, but it fits in with our 8 week plan as it is about an elite person, which is David Cameron. In addition, this story also affects people in the UK, therefore the listeners of Kilburn would want to hear about it as it is also the news story of proximity.
Production Roles
Anisah Khan (5057)- Editor
Anisah Khan (5057)- Editor
Hany Tahir (5119)- Researcher
Script- First Draft
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
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13,000 homes shall be directly commissioned on public land by the government says David Cameron. Our specialist reporter, Niomie Wogan, has more to add.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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10 seconds
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Reporter
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Yes, Jacob, David Cameron has stated that this was a “huge shift in government policy.” Also adding that 13,000 homes are set to be built on five publicly owned sites in 2016. With 40% being affordable “starter” homes.
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Outside Broadcast (cars driving by, people talking, etc.)
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15 seconds
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Presenter
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Thanks Niomie. We’ll be right back after this short break.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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10 seconds
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Final Script
ROLE
SCRIPT
SFX
TIME
Presenter
13,000 homes shall be directly commissioned on public land by the government says David Cameron. Our specialist reporter, Niomie Wogan, has more to add.
Intro Breaking News SFX
10 seconds
Reporter
David Cameron has stated that this was a “huge shift in government policy.” Also adding that 40% of the homes are “starter” homes and 13,000 are set to be built on five publicly owned sites in 2016.
Back to you at the studio.
Outside Broadcast (cars driving by, people talking, etc.)
20 seconds
Presenter
Thanks Niomie, it’s 10 minutes past 10 with rain to be set for the entire day. We’ll be right back after this short break.
Outro Breaking News SFX
10 seconds
The original script was altered because we felt that this news story was too long so we cut some information out to reduce the time, as overall from doing secondary research into the codes and conventions, it was evident that a local news bulletin is around five minutes long, this means that some stories need to be shorter. In addition, the local news bulletin is supposed to be short and snappy, to allow the listener to gain all the information clearly.
Planning Document 8
This flowchart is specific for week 5, as this news story has a presenter present to
report the news. As we wanted the reporter to be reporting the news outside,
we added sound effects to make it clearer that the reporter was outside.
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
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13,000 homes shall be directly commissioned on public land by the government says David Cameron. Our specialist reporter, Niomie Wogan, has more to add.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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10 seconds
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Reporter
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David Cameron has stated that this was a “huge shift in government policy.” Also adding that 40% of the homes are “starter” homes and 13,000 are set to be built on five publicly owned sites in 2016.
Back to you at the studio.
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Outside Broadcast (cars driving by, people talking, etc.)
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20 seconds
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Presenter
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Thanks Niomie, it’s 10 minutes past 10 with rain to be set for the entire day. We’ll be right back after this short break.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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10 seconds
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The original script was altered because we felt that this news story was too long so we cut some information out to reduce the time, as overall from doing secondary research into the codes and conventions, it was evident that a local news bulletin is around five minutes long, this means that some stories need to be shorter. In addition, the local news bulletin is supposed to be short and snappy, to allow the listener to gain all the information clearly.
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| This flowchart is specific for week 5, as this news story has a presenter present to report the news. As we wanted the reporter to be reporting the news outside, we added sound effects to make it clearer that the reporter was outside. |
Editing (credit to Anisah Khan 5057)
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| Using the 'selection tool' to allow for certain audio to be highlighted and edited, without changing the whole track |
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| The 'time shift tool' allows for tracks to be moved so that it fits the order of the script |
Finished Production
This story is about the commission of homes in Kilburn. This story is relevant to the area of Kilburn as some of the homes commissioned are to be set in an area of Kilburn. This means that this story has the news value of not only proximity, impact but also an elite person which is David Cameron, therefore this story fills the 8 week plan.
Week 6
Locating the story
For this week, the researcher Hany Tahir did not have to do extraneous amounts of research because this certain news story on the death of the actor Alan Rickman was widely shared on social network sites. Not only is this news story fresh, but it also has the news value of bad news as a beloved actor had passed away. Since the news story was easily found, it only meant that the researcher had to find facts about the matter. This story is relevant to the area of Kilburn, as Alan Rickman was a well known actor, best known for his role in the Harry Potter series, and there are people in Kilburn who loved the actor and his films.
Production Roles
Niomie Wogan- Editor
Hany Tahir (5119)- Researcher
Anisah Khan (5057)- Specialist Reporter
Jacob Mechan (5074)- Presenter
Script- First Draft
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
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Welcome to Kilburn FM. I’m Jacob Mechan. Today we have areporter: Anisah Khan reporting on the death of veteran actor; Alan Rickman
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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6 seconds
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Reporter
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Harry potter and Die Hard actor Alan Rickman unfortunately fell victim to cancer at the age of 69. The London-born star began his acting career in theatre with the royal Shakespeare company. BAFTA host Steve Frye wrote “What desperately sad news about Alan Rickman. A man of such talent, wicked charm and stunning screen and stage presence. He'll be sorely missed."
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25 seconds
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Presenter
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Thank you Anisah that will be it for today. Thank you for listening.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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3 seconds
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Final Script
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
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I’m Jacob Mechan. Today we have a reporter: Anisah Khan reporting on the death of veteran actor; Alan Rickman.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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6 seconds
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Reporter
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Actor Alan Rickman unfortunately fell victim to cancer at the age of 69.
Here we have a close friend of the departed Alan Rickman, and what he has to say on the situation.
“It’s a tragedy that a great actor, person and friend has passed away after living such an amazing life where he managed to touch peoples hearts through his acting. We ask people to give their condolences to the family of Alan.
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25 seconds
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Presenter
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Thank you Anisah that will be it for today. Thank you for listening.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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3 seconds
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When editing the script, we thought that this would an appropriate week to include a recorded interview in our local radio news bulletin. When the draft of the script was written, we thought that it would be better, instead of an audio clip of Steve Frye and what he has to say on the situation, that it would be more engaging if we were able to contact a friend of Alan Rickman. This was the main change in the scripts.
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| As this week had a recorded interview, it had to be incorporated in the flowchart when the edit was going to be done. Therefore, instead of adding sound effects, which are not necessary, it was only the recorded interview of Alan Rickman's friend. |
Editing
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| Using the 'Amplify' tool as there are differences in the volume between the presenter and the reporter. Amplifying the track allows for a smooth and even sound |
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| Renaming the track allows for ease when editing as the editor can easily locate the track without having to listen to it beforehand |
Finished Production
The story about the passing of the actor Alan Rickman is bad news as he was a well known actor who starred in famous movies like the Harry Potter series. This story has relevance to the area of Kilburn because there are people in Kilburn who love and grew up with Alan Rickman in movies, therefore they would like to know more about the news.
Week 7
Locating the story
For this week, the researcher was Anisah Khan and she found the news story on the Metro website. The main news value to focus on was impact. Not only is this specific story about the impact this has on the area of Kilburn, but it is also about crime. Even though this story is based on England as a whole, it can also be relevant to Kilburn as the local people of Kilburn wants to know about the crime rates and if they are safe.
Hany Tahir (5119)- Editor
Anisah Khan (5057)- Researcher
Jacob Mechan (5074)- Specialist Reporter
Niomie Wogan- Presenter
Anisah Khan (5057)- Researcher
Jacob Mechan (5074)- Specialist Reporter
Niomie Wogan- Presenter
Script- First Draft
Role
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Script
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SFX
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Time
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Presenter
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The next story is based on the crime rates of 2016. We move over to Jacob Mechan who is reporting.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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10 seconds
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Specialist
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Thank you, Niomie. According to official figures, 75,000 fewer arrests have been made compared to the previous year. Throughout England and Wales, the police made 950,000 arrests in total, which is equivalent to 17 in every 1,000 people.
In hindsight, there has been a decline in the number of young people arrested, from over 119,000 in 2013 to over 100,000 in 2014/15.
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25 seconds
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Presenter
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And that is all we have for now. More news to follow soon.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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4 seconds
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Final Script
Role
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Script
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SFX
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Time
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Presenter
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Starting the new year off with a story to lift up many people’s spirits, we have Jacob Mechan reporting.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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8 seconds
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Specialist
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Thank you, Niomie. According to official figures, 75,000 fewer arrests have been made compared to the previous year. Throughout England and Wales, the police made 950,000 arrests in total, which is equivalent to 17 in every 1,000 people.
However, a spokesman for Sussex Police said the 26% decrease in overall arrests was due to changes in the way data was recorded. Therefore, Police Federation chairman of England & Wales relayed “It would be dangerous for anyone to […] conclude there is less crime”.
In hindsight, there has been a decline in the number of young people arrested, from over 119,000 in 2013 to over 100,000 in 2014/15.
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50 seconds
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Presenter
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And that is all we have for now. Thank you Jacob. Radio Kilburn wishes you a very happy 2016.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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4 seconds
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After writing and recording the first script, we thought that it would be better if there was a quote from a person who has something to say in the matter, this makes this news story more accurate and reliable for the listener as we have put quotes in from the Police Federation chairman of England and Wales. This gives the impression that Kilburn FM will research and find information to make the story more reliable.
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| As there was already a quote from the Police Federation chairman, it was unnecessary to include sound effects. This is why the flowchart for this week is very simplistic. |
Editing (credit to Hany Tahir 5119)
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| 'Zoom tool' being used for the 'draw tool' |
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| The 'envelope tool' being used to produce an overall smooth sound with no distortion |
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| The 'draw tool' being used to manipulate samples and the volume of it |
Finished Production
This week is focused on impact, and this story does have impact to a large majority and Kilburn because it is a health issue, and the potential end to the AIDs epidemic. This is also why we have used a vox pop to include the people of Kilburn and their views on the matter. By adding the voices of the people, it means that the listeners tuning in feel more involved and can know the true opinions of the people living in Kilburn.
Week 8
Locating the story
This weeks story was a difficult story to find because the news value for this week is unusualness. I asked multiple people in Kilburn for any unusual news, and I visited multiple sources online. When I found an appropriate story about the death of a British man in Thailand on the BBC website I decided to write a script about it. This story is relevant to Kilburn as the man who was killed by the elephant was a man who lived in Kilburn, this means his family and friends are affected by it, but also the local people of Kilburn would want to know if a local man had died.
Production Roles
Jacob Mechan (5074)- Editor
Niomie Wogan- Researcher
Anisah Khan (5057)- Specialist Reporter
Hany Tahir (5119)- Presenter
Script- First Draft
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
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In Thailand, an elephant has killed a Scottish tourist. Our specialist reporter, Anisah Khan is at the scene of the incident.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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7 seconds
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Specialist Reporter
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While on his elephant trek, Gareth Crowe and his teenage daughter were thrown by the animal. He was then trampled and wounded by the elephants tusk. The daughter is allegedly being treated in hospital.
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14 seconds
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Presenter
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Tragic news to hear. We give Gareth’s family our condolences. That’s all for today. Tune in next week for your weekly dose of news.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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10 seconds
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Final Script
ROLE
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SCRIPT
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SFX
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TIME
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Presenter
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In Thailand, an elephant has killed a Scottish tourist. Our specialist reporter, Anisah Khan is at the scene of the incident.
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Intro Breaking News SFX
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7 seconds
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Specialist Reporter
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While on his elephant trek, Gareth Crowe and his teenage daughter were thrown by the animal. He was then trampled and wounded by the elephants tusk. A spokesman said they’re “… making contact with local authorities to seek further information”. The daughter is allegedly being treated in hospital.
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17 seconds
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Presenter
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Tragic news to hear. We give Gareth’s family our condolences. That’s all for today. Tune in next week for your weekly dose of news.
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Outro Breaking News SFX
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10 seconds
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For the final script, we added a quote from a spokesperson because it makes the news story more reliable and to add validity to the news story. In addition, it makes the listener want to tune in more to our local radio news bulletin as adding a quote makes the listener feel that the radio show is reliable as we research the stories and find out as much as we can to give accurate information to the listener.
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| Again, like the previous week this week also has a quote from a spokesperson. We also did not need to include any other sound effects because of this fact. |
Editing (credit to Jacob Mechan 5074)
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| When editing the 'solo' button comes in useful to silence all other tracks, making editing easier |
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| The 'zoom in' tool allows for precision when editing, and allows for an easier editing experience |
Finished Production
This story, even though it was difficult to locate since the news value for this week was unusualness, has relevance to the area of Kilburn as it involves a local Kilburn man Gareth Crowe. As our radio bulletin is local this means that we need to involve stories about the local area and people as it is relevant to them, and also because they want to be informed about the going ons in the area.
Draft of Local Radio News Bulletin
Final Task
Composing the Title Music
When conducting my secondary research into the codes and conventions of a local radio news bulletin, I found that a code and convention of a local news bulletin is having title music. The title music symbolises the start of the news segment and also the end of it as radio is a blind medium so the listener needs signifiers.
We searched for sound effects on websites like www.freesound.org, and in our draft production we used a generic jingle from free sound. However, we felt that the jingle did not suit our target audience. This is why we decided to compose our own title music on garage band as we can produce a track that is more suitable for our bulletin.
This is the first draft of our title music. We decided that this title music did not suit with our local radio news bulletin as there were too many drums, and it was very fast pace. The pace of this title music is more suited for younger audiences however, our target audience is not for young people as the news featured in our bulletin is of a more mature nature.
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| The composition of the title music on Garage Band |
We searched for sound effects on websites like www.freesound.org, and in our draft production we used a generic jingle from free sound. However, we felt that the jingle did not suit our target audience. This is why we decided to compose our own title music on garage band as we can produce a track that is more suitable for our bulletin.
This is the first draft of our title music. We decided that this title music did not suit with our local radio news bulletin as there were too many drums, and it was very fast pace. The pace of this title music is more suited for younger audiences however, our target audience is not for young people as the news featured in our bulletin is of a more mature nature.
This is the final composition of our title music, compared to the first draft, this one is of a slower pace and the beats are repetitive and continuous. It is simple but effective as it is still of a quick tempo, and this signifies that the news articles are new information, but it is also local. The repetition of the beats signifies that the news is constantly going on as there is always new stories that need reporting.
Presenter Auditions
My group decided to hold presenter auditions to find the right voice for our local radio news bulletin. Overall, we had five participants do the presenter auditions, we had a variety of voices from old to young, and candidates with different accents and gender. This is to ensure that we have a full range of different voices to choose from so that we can find the appropriate voice to represent our local radio news bulletin.
We analysed the different voices and found that some voices were not suited for our bulletin. Some of the candidates had a younger voice that was more suited for an informal bulletin where the target audience are younger, we did not pick the younger voices because our target audience is of a mature nature and the news stories that we picked do not interest a younger audience, therefore a younger voice to be presenter throughout would not be suitable.
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| At the end of the presenter auditions, we picked Jacob Mechan to be the main presenter. |
After analysing the different voices, we picked Jacob Mechan to be the main presenter as his voice was consistent- it did not differ in volume or tone too much. He also read the stories very clearly, this makes it easier for the listener to listen to the stories as he has a clear voice and presents the story at a steady pace.
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